Day2: Basics of Linux and Commands-Line 🐧

Introduction:

Linux is a powerful and open-source operating system kernel that forms the core of many Unix-like operating systems. It was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and has since become a cornerstone of modern computing. Linux is known for its stability, security, and versatility, making it a popular choice for a wide range of applications, from servers and supercomputers to embedded systems and personal computers.

The architecture of Linux:

Key Features:

• Open Source

• Variety of Distributions

• Command-Line Interface (CLI)

• Multi-User and Multi-Tasking

• Security

• Stability

• Networking

• Portability

• Large Software Ecosystem

• Community Support

Common Use Cases:

• Server Hosting: Linux is a dominant choice for web servers, cloud infrastructure, and data centres due to its stability and security.

• Desktop Computing: Many Linux distributions offer user-friendly desktop environments, making Linux a viable option for personal computing.

• Embedded Systems: Linux is commonly used in embedded systems, including IoT devices, routers, and smart appliances.

• Development: Linux is a preferred platform for software development due to its developer-friendly environment and extensive development tools.

• Scientific Computing: Linux is widely used in scientific research, thanks to its compatibility with scientific software and supercomputing capabilities.

Basic Linux Commands:

1. pwd: Print the current working directory.

2. ls: List files and directories in the current directory.

3. cd: Change the current directory.

4. mkdir: Create a new directory.

5. date: It shows the current date and time.

6. uname: It shows the name of the kernel (OS).

7. uname -r: It shows the version of the kernel.

8. clear: Use to clear the screen.

9. whoami: It shows the current login user name.

10. history: It shows the list of previously used commands.